Surface heterogeneity

Whenever a coating is applied it is often required that the coating is homogeneously distributed over the whole surface. Sometimes surface heterogeneity can be wanted, as in the example of superhydrophobic surfaces where the surface heterogeneity is in the form of roughness and is one of the major reasons for the so called lotus effect. Hysteresis is mainly due to surface roughness, chemical contamination or heterogeneity of the solid substrate, and/or deposition of solutes from the liquid onto the solid surface. Hysteresis can be measured by determining the dynamic contact angles and simply calculating the difference between the measured advancing and receding angles. Attension provides Theta and Sigma series instrumentation for easy determination of dynamic contact angles.

Sigma 700/701
Sigma 700 and 701 are state-of-the-art tensiometers, providing highly accurate measurements of static surface and interfacial tension, dynamic contact angles and fully a...
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Sigma 702/702ET
Sigma 702 and Sigma 702ET are standalone tensiometers offering high resolution and precision for surface and interfacial tension measurements, as well as non-automatic C...
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Sigma 703D
Sigma 703D is a simple standalone and robust digital tensiometer for accurate measurement of surface and interfacial tension of liquids by DuNouy ring or Wilhelmy plate ...
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Theta
Theta is the advanced and versatile optical tensiometer for highly accurate measurements of contact angle, surface tension and interfacial tension.
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Theta Lite
Theta Lite is a compact and accurate optical tensiometer for simple contact angle and surface free energy measurements.
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